Oil-well packer.



Patented Nov. 21, 1911.

2 stems-311231 1.

mans/v21?" kac RH. MACK.

.OIL WELL PAGKER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 21, 1911.

P.'H. MACK. OIL WELL PAOKER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 21, 1911.

1,009,327. Patented Nov. 21,-1911.

2. SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Ewuwwtoz To all whom it may concern:

- of the packing devices as well as loss of time; and labor in the removal of the packing I pin to retract UNITED STATES PA T OFFICE.

PATEicK H. MACK, 0E EnAD oRn, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR we on. WELL SUPPLY conPANY, 0E PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION 0E PENNSYLVANIA.

OIL-WELL PACKER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patented Nov.21,1911.

Application filed June '21, 1911. Serial No. 634,557.

.Be itknown that I, PATRICK a citizen of the United States, residing; at Bradford, in the. county of McKean and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil- Well Packers; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and 'exact'description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art'to which it appertains to make and usethe same.

.My invention relates totha t class, of devices termed oil well packers, used in eon:

junction with casing or tubing in oil-$01" Artesian' wells for the purpose of shutting" 011' water of the higher levels from a lower.

portion of the well or from the -oil bearing sands. More particularly my invention relates to that class of packers whereinslips and 'a 'fconical sleeve to expand the slips are employed to support the packer attlf desired; point in the well under the superimposed of the casing or tubing which -comload presses and-expands the packer. In this class of packers as heretofore constructed,

difliculty' has frequentlybeen experienced n withdrawing the packer or changing its position in the well by reason of the slips-engaging obstruc'tions in the well which caused the buckling or folding down of one o'r more of said slips to the permanent impairment from the well. This trouble is due to the failure of the slips, as at present'construct-' ed, to properly contract or collapse when the conical sleeve is withdrawn from-between the same. A further difiiculty experienced in tgftt the ip ring and a pin on the tublngor casing are relied on to hold the slips in an operative position when introducing the packer into the well, has resulted from the closure of the hook by its engagement with the pin when the slips are in their operative position and the'hook is above and resting upon the pin, such closure of the hook preventing its subsequently taking under the the slips when the packing is to be released and withdrawn from the well, or its position therein changed.-

,To overcome or obviate these two disadvantages of the present construction of this class of oil well packers is the object of class of packers wherein a hook on my present invention. lo this end I loosely connect the slips with the slip-cage and provide means independent of the slips for causing the collapse of the slips when the. expanding device is withdrawn from between the slips, and such a constructiorfem- I bodies the main feature of my invention.

In order to -prevent the closure of the hook by, the pin when the slips are in operative position and the hook maybe over and resting onthe pin, I provide the underside of" the hook with inclined cam surfaces that meet at a point and which act on the pm to cause the rotation of the tube .or casing and permit the escape of the pin frpm beneath the hook, and suola constructione nbodies another feature of my invent on. A

There are other, minor, features of invent1on.mvol-'V1ng particular combinations and elemental features ofconstruction, ancillary A to' the main features of invention, all of which. will hereinafter morefully appear.

the drawings chosenfor .the purpose of '-1llustra'tin'g my. invention, the scope whereof is'pointed out in the claims, Figure 1 isavieiw in elevatiomof an oil well packer embodying iny invention,- the parts being shown in the inoperative position as when being lowered intovthe well, Fig. 2 is a vertical central section ofthe packer, the parts occupying the same relative position as in. Fig. 1, Fig. 3- is a vertical'central'section of the packer shown in Fig. 1, the parts being in their operative, position or relation, that is to say, the slips and the packer 'expanded, Fig. 4 is a detached perspective View of one of the slips, Fig. 5 is a detached perspective view of the slip-cage, Fig. 6 is a horizontal sectional View taken in the plane of the line 66 Fig. 1, and Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectional View of the cage and friction springs taken in the plane of the line 7-7, Fig. 1,

Like symbols refer to they occur. I will now proceed to describe my invenlike parts wherever tion more fully sothat others skilled in the art to which it appertains may apply the same.

In the drawings, A indicates the section of tubing or casing which carries the packer and a a collar or coupling thereon, as the case may be.

G indicates a compressible packer, preferably a cylinder of rubber. The upper end 4 is provided with downwardly projecting of the cylindrical packer O abuts-on the shoulder formed by the under surface of the collar or coupling a so that under certain conditions theload of the superimposed tubing creasing rests upon the cylindrical packer C for the purpose of compressing and expanding the packer.

Directly below and having it upper end. in contact with'thecylindrica acker ,C, is a conical sleeve D loose or movable on the tubing or casing A, the tapering portion at of said sleeve 1) extending downward between theslips, which slips when expanded by said conical sleeve, engage the well \walls ortheeinner wall of the casing, as the ease nray'.be-,-'hnd anchor said conical sleeve so that. the cylindrical packer C iscompressed between said conical sleeve D and the collar or .chupling a arrd expanded toshut off any water above'v said packer.

1 indicates a cylindrical slip-cage, with which the slips 2- are loosely connected "so as to have a;tilt-ingcniovement to and trams-.1143,

conicalfsleeveD and the well walls or casing. The slip-cage 1 is preferably comprised of tworings 3 and 4 connectedby the bars 5. The'nppe'r-ring 3 is provided with a series of recesses or open slots 3 for the re ccption of the reins 2 of the loose or tilting slips 2 and with sunken seats 3" for the reception of the free or movable endso'f friction springs;: .6, the opposite ends of said springs being attached to the lower ring 4 of the cage. In order to cause the slips 2 to move up and down with the cage 1 as well as to permit them to tilt, the open slots or recesses 3 are beveled on their inner faces as at 3 and provided with shoulders as at 3 which engage with corresponding bevcls and shoulders on the reins 2 of the movable slips 2. V v

The lowenring 4 of cage 1 is provided with a series-56f seats or recesses 4? for the attachment of the-lower or fixed ends of friction springsti. The underside of cage ring inclined cam faccs as at 4 4 which meet at a point and with a horizontal slot'4 constituting a hook for engagement with a pin 7 on the tubing or casing A. At the inner end of slot 4 is a slight depression 4 to receive and retain the'pin 7. When the pin 7 in slot 4 the cage 1. and'slips 2 are held down. or in the inoperative position as -shewn in F 1, and this is the relative poll ion of the parts at the time the packer is introduced into the well or when its position in the wcllis being changed. 'By rotation of the tube or casing A the pin 7 can be caused to move out of slot'4 and release the'cage 1.

2 indicates the slips which are tiltingly connected with the cage by means of the slip reins 2 The slip reins 2 are beveled on their outer faces as at 2 to correspond with the bevels 3 of the cage, and are provided with shoulders 2 which take under the shoulder3- of cage ring 3 so that while the slips are loosely connected with the cage theislips -are made to move up and down with the cage. The reins2 of the slips are I '5 to form seats for springs 6. These several spring seats 3 2" and 5 permit the friction springs 6-to close to the diameter of the cage and slips where the diameter of the well requires it, and furthermore they prevent thefriction springs 6 from being forced off of the slips when the packer or casing is turned.

6 indicates the friction springs which are preferably of semi-elliptieal or bowed form with one end secured to the lower ring 4 of cage 1. The principal function of these springs is to frictionally engage the walls of the well, or inner walls of a casing, and temporarily support the cage in the well or casing until the conical sleeve expands the slips. Their number will bear some relationto the size and weight of the packer. Certain of these springs, however, have in. the present construction an additional function, namely, they bearupon the, slips 2 above their movable connection with the cage so that at all times when theslips 2 are not expanded by the conical sleeve D said springs will impart to the slips'an inward movement which will insure the collapse of the slips and prevent them from engaging with or being injured by any obstructions in thewell when the packer is being withdrawnfrom the well or its position in the well changed. Under most conditions the friction springs 6 which engage the slips 2 will be sufiicient to support the cage, but where more are desired the free ends of the auxiliary friction springs will be provided with the seats 3* on the cage ring 1 The slips 2 may be, roughened on their outer faces, or serrated as indicated in Fig. 4 of the drawings. y i

The devices being constructed and combined substantially as herein pointed out, will operate as follows: The parts being in the relation shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, that is to say, the slip cage 1 and slips 2 in their lowest position and the pin 7 in slot or hook 4 the packer is lowered to the required position in the well, or well casing, as the case may be, during which the friction springs 6 will be compressed and will-frictionally engage the walls of the well or casing, The packer being in the desired position the casing or tubing A which carries the packer is rotated'to move the pin 7 outof slot 4, the cage being meanwhile held stationary inthewell by frictionisprings 6.

The; slip cage-1 and slips2 being thus released'the' descent of the tube A carrying with it packer G and conical sleeve D .Will forcethe conical sleeve D between the slips 2 and press the slips into engagement with the walls of the well orcasing which will efi'ectively anchor the conical sleeve D, slips .2 and cage in the. well. As the tube Ais movable through the packer-C andthe conical sleeve D-and cage lare anchored in the well or casing thesuperimposed load of the tubing-or casing acting through collar or coupling a will compress andexpand-the rubber cylinder O or packer so as to effectu'f-z theaction ofthe free ends ofthe frictionsprings 6 on the slipsabove their pointoi loose or hinged, connection withthe "slip cage being such as to forcej the slips to tilt. v j'of. a slip cage having an open slot or; book inward and out of the way of.';any possible obstructionv in either well .or casmg. The

slips 2 being thus released, the tubing or casing A is rotated to-carry pin 7,.into-slot 4 of slip-cage 1 and the cage, packer, &c., canthen befraised or lowered tdanyother desired position, or be withdrawnfrom the well.- -It wilLbe pendently. movable character of the slips and the friction springs and the nature of the f combination or co-actionof said members,

the slips must necessarily collapsesufliciently .to avoid any possible obstruction in either well or casing; 'andit willLbe'iurther noted that the cage and. the'pin 7 can never .so

engage that the hook or slot 4 will be closed and render the devices inoperative.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Pat- 'ent is:

1. In an oil wellypacker, the combination 015 a slip-cage, slips having'a loose CODI16C-' 'tion with said cage, means .for expanding.

the slips, and means acting on the slips "withdrawn."

above their loose connection with the cage to cause the collapse of the slips when the expanding means is withdrawn.-

2. In anoil well packer,'the combination I of a sliparing, slips having a loose tilting connection w1th the slip-ring, means for ex-.

panding the slips, and springs acting on the .slips above their loose or tiltin-g connection withthe slip-ring for causing the, collapse of-the slips-when the. expan ing m'eans is '3. In an oilwell packer, the combination ofaslip-cage, slips loosely connected with the slip cage, means for expanding the slips,

and friction springs secured to the cage and .tion 0 -tl e slips with-the slip; cage.

provide with" shoulders for loosely and tiltingly-connecting with the slip-cage, frictionfsprings secu'redIto the'slip cage, which;

springs engage the slips-at points above their tilting connection. with the slip cage,

and means forexpanding the'slips, v

5. In an oil well p'acker,;the combination for the re'ception of a'pinon' the tubing to which the packer is attached, slips .havinga P looseand tilting connection with the s cage, friction'springs secured to-the slip.-

bage, which springs engage the slips above their loose and tiltin connection with the I a slip-cage,.and'means or expanding the slips. noted that owing to the inde- "slip ring, meansfor expanding said slips,

and a section of tubing on which said slip ringis movable, said-tubing-provided with a pm for holding the slip-ring and slips out ofengagement with the expanding means.

In testimony whereof I a'flix my signature,

in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

v v PATRICK H. MACK.

Witnesses:

M. D. BALLAUF, ARTHUR L. BRYANT. 

